An increased level of blood-sugar level in an expecting mother (defined as “glucose intolerance”), which continues beyond 24-48 weeks of pregnancy is diagnosed as Gestational diabetes (GDM). It occurs in the ratio of one in twenty-five pregnant women and is known to have developed complications during pregnancy and delivery affecting both, mother and baby. Nearly, half of women with a history of GDM develop Type II diabetes within 5 – 10 years after delivery. Mainly overweight women diagnosed with glucose intolerance or glucose tolerance, or having family history of diabetes develop GDM. Other women under the risk scanner include woman having: Poly-cystic ovary syndrome (PCOD) and belonging to certain ethnic groups, such as African-Americans, Hispanis, Afro-Caribbeans, and South Asians.
Broadly speaking, pregnant women having any type of diabetes run the risk of developing a number of serious complications during pregnancy and delivery – both for the mother and new-born baby. It’s worthwhile to note that babies exposed to prolonged high blood pressure during the gestation period run a high risk of developing diabetes, later.
The following complications can arise if the blood-sugar levels of an expecting mother exceed target level or normal level, consistently:
Birth defects are uncommon in pregnant women having GDM, where the GDM symptom disappears after delivery. However, women having pre-existing diabetic conditions of Type I or Type II diabetes carry a two-fold risk of delivering babies with birth defects.
Therefore, it is mandatory for women having diabetes to monitor their blood-sugar levels very closely. It is mandatory to control the blood-sugar level. Before conception, it is prudent for expecting mothers having diabetes to achieve blood-sugar target levels (2-3 months in advance) prescribed by their health-care advisor or professional. Proper diet and exercise are helpful in controlling and monitoring this condition. However, if necessary, insulin doses can also rectify such abnormal conditions.
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