Long Term Use of Birth Control Pills May Cause Blindness

When I first read about the potential link between birth control pills and blindness, my heart skipped a beat. As women, we weigh a lot of factors when choosing contraception—convenience, effectiveness, hormones—but vision loss? That wasn’t on the checklist.

If you’re using oral contraceptives long-term or are simply curious about their side effects, this blog lays out the facts, science, and what you can do to stay informed without panic.

The Study That Sparked the Conversation

In 2013, a study presented at the American Academy of Ophthalmology’s annual meeting suggested that women who used birth control pills for more than three years were twice as likely to develop glaucoma. 

This doesn’t mean the pill causes blindness—but it may increase the risk of developing glaucoma, a serious eye condition that can lead to permanent vision loss if untreated.

So, What Exactly Is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, usually due to increased pressure in the eye. It’s often called the “silent thief of sight” because it develops slowly and without symptoms. By the time you notice vision loss, the damage may already be done.

Women are already at higher risk of developing glaucoma than men. Add long-term contraceptive use into the mix, and the concern grows.

Why Might the Pill Be Linked?

While the connection isn’t fully understood, researchers believe that estrogen may play a role in protecting the optic nerve. Oral contraceptives suppress natural estrogen production, especially if taken for long periods.

The drop in estrogen could potentially impact eye pressure regulation, making the eyes more vulnerable to nerve damage.

A 2003 study published in Archives of Ophthalmology also supported this theory, suggesting that low estrogen levels were linked to a higher risk of glaucoma

Should You Be Worried?

If you’re currently taking birth control pills—or have been for a few years—don’t panic. It’s all about context and risk factors.

You may be at increased risk if you also have:

• A family history of glaucoma
• High eye pressure (intraocular pressure)
• Other health issues like diabetes or high blood pressure
• Age over 40

What You Can Do to Protect Your Vision

Here’s what ophthalmologists recommend:

1. Get Regular Eye Exams

Especially if you’ve been on the pill for 3+ years. Ask your eye doctor to check for early signs of glaucoma.

2. Talk to Your Gynecologist

If you’re concerned, explore lower-dose options or non-hormonal alternatives like copper IUDs.

3. Know Your Family History

If glaucoma runs in your family, make your eye health a top priority—pill or no pill.

4. Watch for Subtle Changes

While glaucoma often has no early symptoms, things like blurred vision, halos around lights, or eye pain are worth mentioning to your doctor.

What Do Experts Say?

Despite the headlines, most doctors still consider birth control pills safe for healthy women, especially when used under guidance.

Dr. Shan Lin, a glaucoma specialist involved in the 2013 AAO study, said:

“Women should be screened regularly for glaucoma, and risk factors should be considered as part of an overall health plan—particularly if using oral contraceptives long-term.”

As women, we deserve to know everything that could affect our bodies—from head to toe, including our vision. This isn’t a scare tactic, it’s an invitation to be more informed and proactive.

Remember, I’m just like you—trying to make the best health decisions with the information available. Let’s keep learning, sharing, and supporting each other.